Obviously, Dexter in "Round Midnight".
Archie Shepp in "Choose Me".
IIRC Laurindo Almeida unbilled in A Star is Born.
Coleman Hawkins in The Crimson Canary.
Duke Ellington and band in Check and Double Check.
Gerry Mulligan in I Want to Live and The Subterraneans. (along with Pops).
Chico Hamilton in The Sweet Smell of Success.
Shelly Mann in The Mann with the Golden Arm.
etc. There are books on this subject.